AI810 PLC工控备
换流变压器
不仅必须承受交流应力，还必须承受直流输电系统测试和运行期间产生的直流应力。设计能够承受直流应力的换流变压器已被证明是设计这一使能技术的工程师所面临的最复杂和最艰巨的挑战之一。因此，高压直流换流变压器是整个变压器行业中测试最严格的变压器。还必须对套管和分接开关进行全面测试。ABB在内部设计和制造这些设备方面的独特地位——依靠前所未有的专业知识和经验，使ABB能够开发复杂的设计，并按期交付最可靠和优化的变压器。02特别报告|变压器57特高压直流换流变压器的开发巴西的Itaipu高压直流输电线路是一个复杂的大型项目，由ABB在20世纪80年代早期开发和安装，它将电压水平和功率容量的限制超出了当时的标准。该系统达到了3150兆瓦的卓越输电水平和600千伏直流电压水平，这是25年来无人超越的世界纪录电压水平。几乎所有用于高压直流项目的设备和部件都是由ABB设计和开发的。回顾过去，该项目开创了ABB内部HVDC技术的现代时代。中国第一套高压直流输电系统的额定功率为3000兆瓦，直流电压为500千伏，可提供Itaipu型输电功率和电压水平。
馈电点
这些早期HVDC项目的一个重要成果是认识到，有可能在网络中有单个馈电点，可以处理3000兆瓦以上的电力。中国可以获得能源资源，越来越多地来自可再生能源，输电距离远离负荷中心，即2000公里。这种大功率馈电的可能性以及与负载的巨大距离导致了对800 kV直流-超高压直流（UHVDC）新电压水平的研究。因此，更高的输电额定值是可行的；中国电力市场要求的额定值。因此，向家坝上海高压直流输电项目是第一个投入商业运营的800 kV特高压直流输电系统，额定功率为6400 MW，输电电压为800 kV直流；自2010年以来，它已成功运行[1]→2.2011年，在数千公里范围内传输大量电力的能力导致了下一个主要的高压直流输电发展——1100千伏特高压直流输电。2016年，ABB获得了一份合同，为长3000公里、12000兆瓦的昌吉古泉特高压直流输电线路提供世界上第一台1100千伏直流换流变压器，开启了1100千伏直流的商业开发→3.03-01交流和直流侧接口处的高压直流换流变压器功能简图。-02所示为800 kV特高压直流输电用电力变压器。-03世界上第一个1100千伏直流特高压直流输电系统可以在3000公里以上传输12吉瓦的电力。
Converter transformer
It must not only withstand the AC stress, but also the DC stress generated during the test and operation of the DC transmission system. The design of converter transformers capable of withstanding DC stress has proved to be one of the most complex and arduous challenges faced by engineers designing this enabling technology. Therefore, HVDC converter transformer is the most strictly tested transformer in the whole transformer industry. The bushing and tap changer must also be fully tested. ABB's unique position in the internal design and manufacture of these devices - with unprecedented expertise and experience, enables ABB to develop complex designs and deliver the most reliable and optimized transformers on schedule. 02 Special report | Development of transformer 57 UHVDC converter transformer Itaipu HVDC transmission line in Brazil is a complex large-scale project, which was developed and installed by ABB in the early 1980s. It exceeded the limits of voltage level and power capacity at that time. The system has reached the excellent transmission level of 3150 MW and 600 kV DC voltage level, which is the world record voltage level that no one has surpassed for 25 years. Almost all equipment and components used in HVDC projects are designed and developed by ABB. In retrospect, the project ushered in a modern era of HVDC technology within ABB. The rated power of China's first HVDC transmission system is 3000 MW, and the DC voltage is 500 kV, which can provide Itaipu transmission power and voltage level.
Feed point
An important outcome of these early HVDC projects was the recognition that it was possible to have a single feed point in the network that could handle more than 3000 megawatts of power. China can obtain energy resources, more and more from renewable energy, and the transmission distance is 2000 kilometers away from the load center. The possibility of this high-power feeding and the huge distance from the load led to the research on the new voltage level of 800 kV DC to ultra-high voltage DC (UHVDC). Therefore, higher transmission rating is feasible; Ratings required by the Chinese electricity market. Therefore, Xiangjiaba Shanghai HVDC transmission project is the first 800 kV ultra-high voltage DC transmission system put into commercial operation, with rated power of 6400 MW and transmission voltage of 800 kV DC; Since 2010, it has been successfully operated [1] → 2. In 2011, the ability to transmit a large amount of power within thousands of kilometers led to the next major development of HVDC transmission - 1100kV UHVDC. In 2016, ABB won a contract to provide the world's first 1100 kV DC converter transformer for the 3000 km, 12000 MW Changji Guquan UHV DC transmission line, and opened the commercial development of 1100 kV DC → 3.03-01 Function diagram of high-voltage DC converter transformer at the interface of AC and DC sides- 02 shows the power transformer for 800 kV UHVDC transmission- 03 The world's first 1100kV DC UHVDC transmission system can transmit 12GW of power over 3000km.
