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3BSE008508R1控制模块
确定距离区域在可以确定距离的范围之前区域、阻抗和线路段的相位角
期间必须知道故障。各种类型的典型设置沿线区域范围如下：距离继电器范围的典型设置
计算二次线阻抗的分区（分级表）根据线的放坡表计算的主要值阻抗必须转换为次级值。这些
通过应用以下关系式获得：一次正序线路阻抗阻抗分别独立定义阻抗特性
在四个距离区域中（区域4用于通过以下参数（i=1至4）确定的超范围区域：线路或电缆的电抗和电阻设置在
使用参数“R”和“X”的适当单位（见图3.5.31.4）。在1或2A的额定电流下，“RR”和“RRE”的设定范围为-300至+300/ph
0.01的步进（-30至+30/ph，对于额定电流为5A，步进为0.001）。
无论其他参数的设置如何，当“X”设置为零时，区域将被禁用。在这种情况下，其他区域是
除最后一个之外，也被阻止。1区只能通过参数“块Z1”或二进制输入禁用“ExtBlock Z1”。
对于负值，测量方向相反“X”、“R”、“RR”和“RRE”。提供参数“RRE”和“RR”，以允许
用于E/F回路和相间的故障电阻环该设置采用E/F电阻，包括电弧电阻和塔架基脚电阻
考虑线路电阻
由于装置为/ph，故障电阻在根据故障类型确定阻抗平面。在哪里
已知故障电阻RF的值（见图3.5.31.5），它必须输入R/X图，如下所示：E/F:R=RF/（1+k0）
相间故障：R=RF/2三相故障：R=RF/3。
因此，使用参数分别补偿E/F和相间回路的故障电阻
“RRE”和“RR”。参数“RR”通常设置得较低
因为相间故障电阻通常非常低。由欠阻抗参数定义的负载区域
启动时考虑“RLoad”和“AngleLoad”
测量特性。因此，继电器可以：仅当测得的故障阻抗在低阻抗启动特性。
Determining the distance zones
Before it is possible to determine the reaches of the distance
zones, the impedances and phase-angles of the line sections
during faults must be known. Typical settings for the various
zone reaches along the line are given below:Typical settings for the reaches of distance relay
zones (grading table)Calculating the secondary line impedances
The primary values calculated from the grading table for the line
impedances have to be converted to secondary values. These
are obtained by applying the following relationship:primary positive-sequence line impedanceThe impedance characteristic is defined independently for each
of the four distance zones (Zone 4 is used alternatively for the
overreaching zone) by the following parameters (i = 1 to 4):The reactance and resistance of the line or cable are set in the
proper units using the parameters ‘R’ and ‘X’ (see Fig. 3.5.31.4).At a rated current of 1 or 2 A, the impedance parameters ‘X’, ‘R’,
‘RR’ and ‘RRE’ have setting ranges of -300 to +300 /ph in
steps of 0.01 (-30 to +30 /ph in steps of 0.001 for a rated current of 5 A).
A zone is disabled when ‘X’ is set to zero regardless of the settings of the other parameters. In this case, the other zones are
also blocked with the exception of the last one. Zone 1 can only
be disabled by the parameter ‘Block Z1’ or the binary input
‘ExtBlock Z1’.
The direction of measurement is reversed for negative values of
‘X’, ‘R’, ‘RR’ and ‘RRE’.Provision is made with parameters ‘RRE’ and ‘RR’ for allowing
for the fault resistance in an E/F loop and in a phase-to-phase
loop. The setting takes the E/F resistance comprising the resistance of the arc and the pylon footing resistance in relation to
the line resistance into account.Since the unit is /ph, the fault resistance appears differently in
the impedance plane according to the type of fault. Where the
value of the fault resistance RF is known in (see Fig. 3.5.31.5),
it has to be entered in the R/X diagram as follows:
E/F: R=RF/(1+k0)
phase-to-phase fault: R=RF/2
three-phase fault: R=RF/ 3 .
It is for this reason that fault resistance is compensated separately for E/F and phase-to-phase loops using the parameters
‘RRE’ and ‘RR’. The parameter ‘RR’ will generally be set lower
than ‘RRE’, because the phase-to-phase fault resistance is normally very low.The load area defined by the underimpedance parameters
‘RLoad’ and ‘AngleLoad’ is taken into account be starting and
measuring characteristics. It follows from this that the relay can
only trip, if the fault impedance measured lies within the
underimpedance starting characteristic.
