DSQC658机器人卡件,3HAC025779-001产品尺寸
变桨距风力机及其控制方式 变桨距调速是现代风力发电机主要的调速方式之一,如图1所示为变桨距风力发电机的简图。调速装置通过增大桨距角的方式减小由于风速增大使叶轮转速加快的趋势。当风速增大时,变桨距液压缸动作,推动叶片向桨距角增大的方向转动使叶片吸收的风能减少,维持风轮运转在额定转速范围内。
DSQC658机器人卡件,3HAC025779-001产品尺寸当风速减小时,实行相反操作,实现风轮吸收的功率能基本保持恒定。液压控制系统具有传动力矩大、重量轻、刚度大、定位精确、液压执行机构动态响应速度快等优点,能够保证更加快速、准确地把叶片调节至预定节距[4][5]。目前国内生产和运行的大型风力发电机的变距装置大多采用液压系统作为动力系统。 发电机增速箱电网ωVI*β功率传感器变桨控制器风PP
图2 变桨距风力机控制框图
如图2所示为变桨距控制器的原理框图。在发动机并入电网之前由速度控制器根据发动机的转速反馈信号进行变桨距控制,根据转速及风速信号来确定桨叶处于待机或顺桨位置;发动机并入电网之后,功率控制器起作用,功率调节器通常采用PI(或PID)控制,功率误差信号经过PI运算后得到桨距角位置。 当风力机在停机状态时,桨距角处于90?的位置,这时气流对桨叶不产生转矩;当风力机由停机状态变为运行状态时,桨距角由90?以一定速度(约1?/s)减小到待机角度(本系统中为15?);若风速达到并网风速,桨距角继续减小到3?(桨距角在3?左右时具有最佳风能吸收系数);发电机并上电网后,当风速小于额定风速时,使桨距角保持在3?不变;当风速高于额定风速时,根据功率反馈信号,控制器向比例阀输出-10V- 10V电压,控制比例阀输出流量的方向和大小。变桨距液压缸按比例阀输出的流量和方向来操纵叶片的桨距角,使输出功率维持在额定功率附近。若出现故障或有停机命令时,控制器将输出迅速顺桨命令,使得风力机能快速停机,顺桨速度可达20?/s。
2.变桨控制器的设计 2.1系统的硬件构成 本文实验中采用Zond-40风力发电机组作为实验对象,其额定功率550KW,采用液压变桨系统,液压变桨系统原理图如图3所示。从图3中可以看出,通过改变液压比例阀的电压可以改变进桨或退桨速度,在风力机出 现故障或紧急停机时,可控制电磁阀J-B闭合、J-A和J-C打开,使储压罐1中的液压油迅速进入变桨缸,推动桨叶达到顺桨位置(90?)
it is generally about 80m-90m, which is why when customers buy Industrial Poe switches, we will suggest that they try to control the distance at about 80m. Industrial switch is also called industrial Ethernet switch, that is, Ethernet switch equipment applied in the field of industrial control. Due to the network standard adopted, it has good openness, wide application, low price and transparent and unified TCP / IP protocol, Ethernet has become the main communication standard in the field of industrial control.
Ingem industrial switch has carrier grade performance characteristics and can withstand harsh working environment. With rich product series and flexible port configuration, it can meet the needs of various industrial fields. The products generally adopt the wide temperature design of - 40 ~ + 85 ℃, the wide voltage input range shall reach DC12 ~ 48V, the protection grade shall not be lower than IP30, and support standard and private ring network redundancy protocol.
There is no essential difference between itself and commercial network in data link layer, network layer and protocol layer, but for the real-time demand of industrial control, industrial